{ "status": "research-in-progress", "reviewedOn": "2026-10-15", "historicalProfileIds": [ "villanovan-horizons", "etruscan-city-powers", "cerveteri-etruscan-center", "tarquinia-etruscan-center", "early-rome-settlements", "regal-rome-tradition", "latium-cultural-horizons", "samnite-federal-communities", "pietrabbondante-samnite-sanctuary", "western-punic-networks", "carthage-urban-phases", "carthaginian-regional-power", "roman-carthage-phases", "kerkuane-punic-center", "numidian-royal-polities", "massinissa-regnal-phase", "juba-i-numidian-phase", "mauretanian-royal-polities", "juba-ii-ptolemy-monarchy", "mauretanian-annexation-phases", "dougga-numidian-center", "volubilis-mauretanian-center", "tipasa-urban-phases", "syracuse-city-phases", "agrigento-city-phases", "early-roman-republic-phase", "middle-roman-republic-phase", "late-roman-republic-phase", "first-punic-war-phase", "second-punic-war-phase", "third-punic-war-phase", "augustan-principate-reign", "julio-claudian-dynastic-phase", "flavian-dynastic-phase", "nerva-adoptive-emperors-phase", "severan-dynastic-phase", "roman-third-century-crisis", "diocletian-regnal-phase", "tetrarchic-colleges-successions", "constantine-regnal-phase", "western-roman-late-court", "ravenna-late-antique-center", "pompeii-urban-phases", "odoacer-italian-rule", "ostrogothic-italy-phases" ], "livingProfileIds": [], "updatedProfileIds": [ "roman-republic", "Roman Empire", "Byzantine Empire" ], "sourceIndexSha256": "5fa950699cb11ee0a984033b1eb5954e2bb33bbd04fb1b49a9e97ee7bdca3ce7", "contextIds": [ "italypunic-context-modern-italy", "italypunic-context-modern-tunisia", "italypunic-context-modern-turkey", "italypunic-context-etruscans", "italypunic-context-royal-rome", "italypunic-context-republic", "italypunic-context-carthage", "italypunic-context-numidia", "italypunic-context-mauretania", "italypunic-context-empire", "italypunic-context-eastern-court", "italypunic-context-western-court", "italypunic-context-byzantium", "italypunic-context-ostrogoths", "italypunic-context-ostrogothic-kingdom", "italypunic-context-ostrogothic-eastern-relation" ], "phaseCorrectionIds": [ "italypunic-etruscan-cities", "italypunic-royal-late", "italypunic-imperial-transition", "italypunic-carthage-late", "italypunic-mauretania-transition", "italypunic-byzantine-late" ], "mapNoteIds": [ "italypunic-map-carthaginian-empire--500", "italypunic-map-etrurians--500", "italypunic-map-rome--500", "italypunic-map-samnites--500", "italypunic-map-carthaginian-empire--400", "italypunic-map-etrurians--400", "italypunic-map-roman-republic--400", "italypunic-map-samnites--400", "italypunic-map-carthaginian-empire--323", "italypunic-map-rome--323", "italypunic-map-carthaginian-empire--300", "italypunic-map-roman-republic--300", "italypunic-map-carthage--200", "italypunic-map-mauretania--200", "italypunic-map-rome--200", "italypunic-map-mauretania--100", "italypunic-map-numidia--100", "italypunic-map-roman-republic--100", "italypunic-map-roman-empire--1", "italypunic-map-roman-empire-100", "italypunic-map-roman-empire-200", "italypunic-map-rome-constantinus--300", "italypunic-map-rome-diocletianus--300", "italypunic-map-rome-galerius--300", "italypunic-map-rome-maximian--300", "italypunic-map-eastern-roman-empire-400", "italypunic-map-western-roman-empire-400", "italypunic-map-eastern-roman-empire-500", "italypunic-map-western-roman-empire-500", "italypunic-map-eastern-roman-empire-600", "italypunic-map-eastern-roman-empire-700", "italypunic-map-byzantine-empire-800", "italypunic-map-byzantine-empire-900", "italypunic-map-byzantine-empire-1000", "italypunic-map-byzantine-empire-1100", "italypunic-map-byzantine-empire-1200", "italypunic-map-byzantine-empire-1279", "italypunic-map-byzantine-empire-1300", "italypunic-map-byzantine-empire-1400", "italypunic-modern-italy", "italypunic-modern-tunisia", "italypunic-modern-algeria", "italypunic-modern-turkey" ], "nameReviewIds": [ "italypunic-review--500-103", "italypunic-review--400-100", "italypunic-review-300-152", "italypunic-review-500-138", "italypunic-review-500-151" ], "comparisonIds": [ "italypunic-etruscans--500", "italypunic-etruscans--400", "italypunic-roman-kingdom--500", "italypunic-roman-republic--500", "italypunic-roman-republic--400", "italypunic-roman-republic--323", "italypunic-roman-republic--300", "italypunic-roman-republic--200", "italypunic-roman-republic--100", "italypunic-carthage--500", "italypunic-carthage--400", "italypunic-carthage--323", "italypunic-carthage--300", "italypunic-carthage--200", "italypunic-kingdom-of-numidia--100", "italypunic-mauretania--200", "italypunic-mauretania--100", "italypunic-roman-empire--1", "italypunic-roman-empire-100", "italypunic-roman-empire-200", "italypunic-roman-empire-300", "italypunic-eastern-roman-empire-400", "italypunic-eastern-roman-empire-500", "italypunic-eastern-roman-empire-600", "italypunic-western-roman-empire-400", "italypunic-ostrogothic-kingdom-500", "italypunic-byzantine-empire-1000", "italypunic-byzantine-empire-1200", "italypunic-byzantine-empire-1279", "italypunic-byzantine-empire-1400" ], "reusedComparisonIds": [], "skippedComparisonCandidates": [ { "year": -100, "name": "Carthage", "referenceName": "Carthage", "category": "polity", "reason": "no-source-period-at-same-year" }, { "year": -200, "name": "Kingdom of Numidia", "referenceName": "Numidia", "category": "polity", "reason": "no-source-period-at-same-year" }, { "year": 500, "name": "Western Roman Empire", "referenceName": "Western Roman Empire", "category": "polity", "reason": "no-source-period-at-same-year" }, { "year": 700, "name": "Byzantine Empire", "referenceName": "Byzantine Empire", "category": "polity", "reason": "no-reference-name-at-same-year" }, { "year": -400, "name": "Samnites", "referenceName": "Samnites", "category": "polity", "reason": "no-source-period-at-same-year" }, { "year": -400, "name": "Greek Colonies", "referenceName": "Greek colonies", "category": "polity", "reason": "no-source-period-at-same-year" } ], "seshatLinkProfileIds": [ "latium-cultural-horizons", "early-rome-settlements", "regal-rome-tradition", "roman-republic", "early-roman-republic-phase", "middle-roman-republic-phase", "late-roman-republic-phase", "Roman Empire", "augustan-principate-reign", "julio-claudian-dynastic-phase", "flavian-dynastic-phase", "nerva-adoptive-emperors-phase", "severan-dynastic-phase", "roman-third-century-crisis", "diocletian-regnal-phase", "tetrarchic-colleges-successions", "constantine-regnal-phase", "western-roman-late-court", "Byzantine Empire", "ostrogothic-italy-phases", "numidian-royal-polities", "massinissa-regnal-phase", "juba-i-numidian-phase", "mauretanian-royal-polities", "juba-ii-ptolemy-monarchy", "mauretanian-annexation-phases" ], "newSeshatProfileIds": [ "latium-cultural-horizons", "early-rome-settlements", "regal-rome-tradition", "roman-republic", "early-roman-republic-phase", "middle-roman-republic-phase", "late-roman-republic-phase", "Roman Empire", "augustan-principate-reign", "julio-claudian-dynastic-phase", "flavian-dynastic-phase", "nerva-adoptive-emperors-phase", "severan-dynastic-phase", "roman-third-century-crisis", "diocletian-regnal-phase", "tetrarchic-colleges-successions", "constantine-regnal-phase", "western-roman-late-court", "Byzantine Empire", "ostrogothic-italy-phases", "numidian-royal-polities", "massinissa-regnal-phase", "juba-i-numidian-phase", "mauretanian-royal-polities", "juba-ii-ptolemy-monarchy", "mauretanian-annexation-phases" ], "updatedSeshatProfileIds": [], "rejectedAutomaticAssociations": [ { "profileId": "mauretanian-royal-polities", "rejectedName": "Mauritania", "dataset": "Cliopatria", "category": "polity", "sourceRows": [ 13246, 13363, 13695 ], "reason": "La Maurétanie antique du Maghreb ne devient pas le territoire de la Mauritanie contemporaine." }, { "profileId": "roman-republic", "rejectedName": "Revolutionary Roman Republic", "dataset": "Cliopatria", "category": "polity", "sourceRows": [ 10495 ], "reason": "Le régime révolutionnaire de 1799 n’est pas la République antique." }, { "profileId": "etruscan-city-powers", "rejectedName": "Kingdom of Etruria", "dataset": "Cliopatria", "category": "polity", "sourceRows": [ 10614, 10675 ], "reason": "Le nom Étrurie d’un royaume moderne ne prolonge pas automatiquement les cités antiques." } ], "sources": [ { "title": "Etruscan Art · cités, langues et cadres archéologiques", "author": "Colette Hemingway et Seán Hemingway · Metropolitan Museum of Art, 2004", "url": "https://www.metmuseum.org/it/essays/etruscan-art", "supports": [ "chronology", "geographic-context" ] }, { "title": "The Etruscans · cadre villanovien vers 900–700", "author": "Tampa Museum of Art · exposition archéologique, 2025", "url": "https://tampamuseum.org/the-etruscans-a-mysterious-italian-people/", "supports": [ "chronology", "geographic-context" ] }, { "title": "Cerveteri et Tarquinia · contextes funéraires du IXe au Ier siècle", "author": "UNESCO World Heritage Centre", "url": "https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/1158/", "supports": [ "chronology", "geographic-context" ] }, { "title": "Cerveteri et Tarquinia · deux composantes géographiques", "author": "UNESCO World Heritage Centre", "url": "https://whc.unesco.org/fr/list/1158/cartes/", "supports": [ "chronology", "geographic-context" ] }, { "title": "The Roman Republic · institutions et expansions", "author": "Department of Greek and Roman Art · Metropolitan Museum of Art, 2000", "url": "https://www.metmuseum.org/ja/essays/the-roman-republic", "supports": [ "chronology", "geographic-context" ] }, { "title": "The Roman Empire · collèges, partages et fin de la cour d’Occident", "author": "Christopher S. Lightfoot · Metropolitan Museum of Art, 2000", "url": "https://www.metmuseum.org/de/essays/the-roman-empire-27-b-c-393-a-d", "supports": [ "chronology", "geographic-context" ] }, { "title": "Roman Art · chronologie sélective, pages 21–27", "author": "Nancy L. Thompson · Metropolitan Museum of Art, 2007", "url": "https://www.metmuseum.org/es/met-publications/roman-art-a-resource-for-educators", "supports": [ "chronology", "geographic-context" ] }, { "title": "Roman Art · PDF officiel de l’édition de 2007", "author": "Nancy L. Thompson · Metropolitan Museum of Art", "url": "https://cdn.sanity.io/files/cctd4ker/production/dd2429c0bb2cd9fa53a31fa8ae07582ee70545cb.pdf", "supports": [ "chronology", "geographic-context" ] }, { "title": "Augustan Rule · titre de 27 av. J.-C. et règne jusqu’en 14", "author": "Department of Greek and Roman Art · Metropolitan Museum of Art, 2000", "url": "https://www.metmuseum.org/de/essays/augustan-rule-27-b-c-14-a-d", "supports": [ "chronology", "geographic-context" ] }, { "title": "Byzantium · continuités romaines et conventions de périodes", "author": "Sarah T. Brooks · Metropolitan Museum of Art, 2001, révision de 2009", "url": "https://www.metmuseum.org/de/essays/byzantium-ca-330-1453", "supports": [ "chronology", "geographic-context" ] }, { "title": "Fasti Capitolini · tradition de 753 et transition de 31 av. J.-C.", "author": "Musei Capitolini · Sovrintendenza Capitolina, exposition de 2021", "url": "https://museicapitolini.org/it/node/1008324", "supports": [ "chronology", "geographic-context" ] }, { "title": "Pietrabbondante · sanctuaire et institutions des Samnites Pentres", "author": "Ministero della Cultura · Direzione regionale musei nazionali Molise", "url": "https://www.musei.molise.beniculturali.it/musei?mid=6691&nome=santuario-italico", "supports": [ "chronology", "geographic-context" ] }, { "title": "Carthage · fondation, expansion et phases romaines", "author": "UNESCO World Heritage Centre", "url": "https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/37", "supports": [ "chronology", "geographic-context" ] }, { "title": "Carthage · treize composantes patrimoniales distinctes", "author": "UNESCO World Heritage Centre", "url": "https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/37/maps/", "supports": [ "chronology", "geographic-context" ] }, { "title": "Karthago · tradition de fondation et guerres puniques", "author": "Lex · encyclopédie spécialisée danoise", "url": "https://lex.dk/Karthago", "supports": [ "chronology", "geographic-context" ] }, { "title": "Troisième guerre punique · siège de 149–146", "author": "Niels Jespersen · Lex, révision du 16 mai 2026", "url": "https://lex.dk/3._Puniske_Krig", "supports": [ "chronology", "geographic-context" ] }, { "title": "Chronologie méditerranéenne · discussion des datations de Carthage", "author": "Antiquity · étude scientifique publiée en 2024", "url": "https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/antiquity/article/mediterranean-early-iron-age-chronology-assessing-radiocarbon-dates-from-a-stratified-geometric-period-deposit-at-zagora-andros-greece/BED7491DD5F61A742B5B95F6C2254B92", "supports": [ "chronology", "geographic-context" ] }, { "title": "Kerkuane · ville punique et abandon au IIIe siècle", "author": "UNESCO World Heritage Centre", "url": "https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/332/", "supports": [ "chronology", "geographic-context" ] }, { "title": "Numides/Numidie · catégories et pouvoirs régionaux", "author": "J.-P. Laporte, M. Ghaki et X. Dupuis · Encyclopédie berbère, 2012, extraits indexés", "url": "https://journals.openedition.org/encyclopedieberbere/2768", "supports": [ "chronology", "geographic-context" ] }, { "title": "Massinissa · règne situé en 203–148 dans l’extrait indexé", "author": "Encyclopédie berbère, volume 30, 2010 · accès intégral filtré", "url": "https://journals.openedition.org/encyclopedieberbere/493", "supports": [ "chronology", "geographic-context" ] }, { "title": "Cirta · capitales et derniers pouvoirs numides", "author": "Encyclopédie berbère, volume 13, 1994 · extraits indexés", "url": "https://journals.openedition.org/encyclopedieberbere/2289", "supports": [ "chronology", "geographic-context" ] }, { "title": "Le royaume de Maurétanie sous Juba II et Ptolémée · 25 av. J.-C.–40 ap. J.-C.", "author": "Michèle Coltelloni-Trannoy · CNRS Éditions, 1997, monographie sur Persée", "url": "https://www.persee.fr/doc/etaf_0768-2352_1997_mon_2_1", "supports": [ "chronology", "geographic-context" ] }, { "title": "La côte maurétanienne · mutations autour de l’annexion vers 40–42", "author": "Laurent Callegarin · Université de Pau, résumé scientifique en français", "url": "https://dialnet.unirioja.es/descarga/articulo/3282292.pdf", "supports": [ "chronology", "geographic-context" ] }, { "title": "Dougga / Thugga · centre numide et occupations ultérieures", "author": "UNESCO World Heritage Centre", "url": "https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/794", "supports": [ "chronology", "geographic-context" ] }, { "title": "Volubilis · ville maurétanienne, romaine et occupations ultérieures", "author": "UNESCO World Heritage Centre", "url": "https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/836/", "supports": [ "chronology", "geographic-context" ] }, { "title": "Tipasa · phases puniques, romaines et tardives", "author": "UNESCO World Heritage Centre", "url": "https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/193/", "supports": [ "chronology", "geographic-context" ] }, { "title": "Syracuse et Pantalica · lieux et périodes distincts", "author": "UNESCO World Heritage Centre", "url": "https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/1200/", "supports": [ "chronology", "geographic-context" ] }, { "title": "Agrigente · cité grecque et transformations", "author": "UNESCO World Heritage Centre", "url": "https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/831/", "supports": [ "chronology", "geographic-context" ] }, { "title": "Rome · centre historique et propriétés distinctes du bien en série", "author": "UNESCO World Heritage Centre", "url": "https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/91/", "supports": [ "chronology", "geographic-context" ] }, { "title": "Ravenne · cour d’Occident, pouvoirs ostrogoths et Italie byzantine", "author": "UNESCO World Heritage Centre", "url": "https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/788", "supports": [ "chronology", "geographic-context" ] }, { "title": "Pompéi, Herculanum et Torre Annunziata · contextes archéologiques", "author": "UNESCO World Heritage Centre", "url": "https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/829/", "supports": [ "chronology", "geographic-context" ] }, { "title": "Istanbul · composantes des secteurs historiques", "author": "UNESCO World Heritage Centre", "url": "https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/356/maps/", "supports": [ "chronology", "geographic-context" ] }, { "title": "Polaris · périodes codées et dossiers documentaires", "author": "Seshat Global History Databank · classeur et extraction conservés dans le projet", "url": "https://seshatdatabank.info/data", "supports": [ "coded-chronology", "documentary-context" ] }, { "title": "CShapes 2.0 · positions au 1er janvier 2010", "author": "Schvitz et al. · ETH Zurich", "url": "https://icr.ethz.ch/data/cshapes/", "supports": [ "geographic-context" ] }, { "title": "Natural Earth · fond à 1:10 millions, révision conservée", "author": "Natural Earth · domaine public", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/nvkelso/natural-earth-vector/ca96624a56bd078437bca8184e78163e5039ad19/geojson/ne_10m_admin_0_countries.geojson", "supports": [ "geographic-context" ] } ], "datedReferences": [ { "id": "awmc-rome-200", "file": "rome-200.geojson", "year": 200, "sha256": "b1517aa96d43547925985069f8beefa761c361cad5986d35c7d607e86821527d", "features": 112, "source": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/AWMC/geodata/7ecf8bccea2efe1e1e9df2daf6001942de73fb87/Cultural-Data/political_shading/roman_empire_ce_200_extent/roman_empire_ce_200_extent.geojson" }, { "id": "awmc-rome-117", "file": "rome-117.geojson", "year": 117, "sha256": "1ddd9ac15006e8b9ffd4d185d0302295c3d7c321e9bc8ae3fd627e12d128ba29", "features": 112, "source": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/AWMC/geodata/7ecf8bccea2efe1e1e9df2daf6001942de73fb87/Cultural-Data/political_shading/roman_empire_ce_117_extent/roman_empire_ce_117_extent.geojson" }, { "id": "awmc-rome-bce-60", "file": "rome-bce-60.geojson", "year": -60, "sha256": "e940ea2facff6163e02ab969d30b26f729c27e1e99db6eee655f7ebc8ac286d3", "features": 74, "source": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/AWMC/geodata/7ecf8bccea2efe1e1e9df2daf6001942de73fb87/Cultural-Data/political_shading/roman_empire_bce_60/roman_empire_bce_60.geojson" } ], "sourcePdf": { "title": "Roman Art · édition publiée en 2007, PDF produit en 2012", "url": "https://cdn.sanity.io/files/cctd4ker/production/dd2429c0bb2cd9fa53a31fa8ae07582ee70545cb.pdf", "publicationPage": "https://www.metmuseum.org/es/met-publications/roman-art-a-resource-for-educators", "localReadOnlyCopy": "artifacts/sources/met-roman-art-2007.pdf", "sha256": "aa22b1c1d4d4fa5692041187f8e683be1d5fb0e9caf4e21c9c6836090a1a57ba", "bytes": 13663888, "pdfPages": 218, "publisherPrintedPages": 210, "pagesInspected": [ 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33 ], "printedPagesInspected": [ 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27 ], "pageNumbersZeroBased": true, "fullBookRead": false, "metadataAuthorIsDesigner": true }, "publishedCoordinateIssues": [ { "siteId": "constantinople", "componentId": "356bis-001", "rawCoordinates": "N41 0 30 E28 58 60", "normalizedCoordinates": "N41 0 30 E28 59 0", "method": "arithmetic-carry-no-added-precision" } ], "cartographicAudit": "./cartographic-audit.json", "awmcComparisons": "./awmc-comparisons.json", "sourcePoints": "./site-points.json", "sourceReview": "./source-review.json", "unlocatedHistoricalCenters": [ { "profileId": "pietrabbondante-samnite-sanctuary", "reason": "Aucune position institutionnelle de site n’a été validée dans ce lot ; aucune capitale ou coordonnée de remplacement n’est inventée." } ], "sourceGeometriesChanged": false, "segmentBySegmentBoundaryValidations": 0 }