{
  "status": "research-in-progress",
  "reviewedOn": "2026-10-16",
  "sources": [
    {
      "title": "Administrative-territorial organisation of Dagestan, second half of the XIX–early XX century",
      "author": "M. Ya. Mirzabekov · Vestnik Instituta IAE, 2014, 2, p. 79–92",
      "url": "https://caucasushistory.ru/2618-6772/article/download/1370/1340",
      "supports": [
        "chronology",
        "geographic-context"
      ]
    },
    {
      "title": "Administrative-political transformations in Kaytag in the 1820s–1830s",
      "author": "A. O. Murtazaev · Vestnik Instituta IAE, 2013, 4, p. 14–21",
      "url": "https://caucasushistory.ru/2618-6772/article/download/262/251",
      "supports": [
        "chronology",
        "geographic-context"
      ]
    },
    {
      "title": "On the nature of land ownership in Dagestan in the XVIII–early XX centuries",
      "author": "E. M. Dalgat · Vestnik Instituta IAE, 2017, 3, p. 35–43",
      "url": "https://caucasushistory.ru/2618-6772/article/download/17/17",
      "supports": [
        "chronology",
        "geographic-context"
      ]
    },
    {
      "title": "Seyyahların Gözüyle Tarku (XVII–XVIII. Yüzyıllar)",
      "author": "İsmail Bülbül · Marmara Türkiyat Araştırmaları Dergisi 5(2), 2018, p. 143–159",
      "url": "https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/mtad/article/487524",
      "supports": [
        "chronology",
        "geographic-context"
      ]
    },
    {
      "title": "On the question of the incorporation of Dagestan into Russia",
      "author": "M. R. Gasanov · Vestnik Instituta IAE, 2012, 3, p. 3–7",
      "url": "https://caucasushistory.ru/2618-6772/article/download/213/203",
      "supports": [
        "chronology",
        "geographic-context"
      ]
    },
    {
      "title": "Lekler · pouvoirs de Kumukh et communautés laks",
      "author": "Mustafa Aydın · TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi, 2003",
      "url": "https://islamansiklopedisi.org.tr/lekler",
      "supports": [
        "chronology",
        "geographic-context"
      ]
    },
    {
      "title": "Avarlar · phases du khanat caucasien",
      "author": "TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi · notice historique",
      "url": "https://islamansiklopedisi.org.tr/avarlar",
      "supports": [
        "chronology",
        "geographic-context"
      ]
    },
    {
      "title": "Dargınlar · Kaitag et Akusha",
      "author": "TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi, 1993",
      "url": "https://islamansiklopedisi.org.tr/darginlar",
      "supports": [
        "chronology",
        "geographic-context"
      ]
    },
    {
      "title": "Derbend · phases de gouvernement et khanat",
      "author": "Saleh Muhammedoğlu Aliev · TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi, 1994",
      "url": "https://islamansiklopedisi.org.tr/derbend--dagistan",
      "supports": [
        "chronology",
        "geographic-context"
      ]
    },
    {
      "title": "Kuba · khanat, contrôle et occupations",
      "author": "Saleh Muhammedoğlu Aliev · TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi, 2002",
      "url": "https://islamansiklopedisi.org.tr/kuba--azerbaycan",
      "supports": [
        "chronology",
        "geographic-context"
      ]
    },
    {
      "title": "Epigraphic disks and rider reliefs from the family cemetery of the Kaytag rulers",
      "author": "M. A. Musaev, Sh. Sh. Shikhaliev et M. G. Shekhmagomedov · 2019 · DOI 10.32653/CH152259-281",
      "url": "https://www.caucasushistory.ru/2618-6772/ru/article/view/1515",
      "supports": [
        "archaeological-context",
        "geographic-context"
      ]
    },
    {
      "title": "Everyday life in Dagestan auls (1860–1917): historical aspect",
      "author": "E. M. Dalgat · History, Archeology and Ethnography of the Caucasus",
      "url": "https://caucasushistory.ru/2618-6772/article/view/17218",
      "supports": [
        "population-history",
        "cultural-context"
      ]
    },
    {
      "title": "Andiler · dénomination de plusieurs communautés",
      "author": "TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi",
      "url": "https://islamansiklopedisi.org.tr/andiler",
      "supports": [
        "linguistic-context"
      ]
    },
    {
      "title": "Archi · terrain et dictionnaire trilingue de 2004–2007",
      "author": "LangueDOC · équipe de recherche de l’Université d’État de Moscou",
      "url": "https://www.philol.msu.ru/~languedoc/eng/archi/index.php",
      "supports": [
        "linguistic-context"
      ]
    },
    {
      "title": "Cultural Landscape of Khinalig People and Köç Yolu Transhumance Route · inscription de 2023",
      "author": "UNESCO World Heritage Centre · bien 1696",
      "url": "https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/1696/",
      "supports": [
        "cultural-context",
        "geographic-context"
      ]
    },
    {
      "title": "Languages of South Daghestan · inventaire de langues et de toponymes",
      "author": "TITUS · Goethe-Universität Frankfurt",
      "url": "https://titus.uni-frankfurt.de/didact/karten/kauk/lakdarn.htm",
      "supports": [
        "linguistic-context"
      ]
    },
    {
      "title": "Langues du Caucase · schéma de classification publié",
      "author": "TITUS · Goethe-Universität Frankfurt",
      "url": "https://titus.uni-frankfurt.de/personal/manana/kaukas/kauk.pdf",
      "supports": [
        "linguistic-context"
      ]
    },
    {
      "title": "Carte de la mer caspienne · dressée en septembre 1776, publiée vers 1783",
      "author": "Güldenstädt, Tardieu, Le Clerc · Universitätsbibliothek Bern, SOB RoEu ka 15:10",
      "url": "https://doi.org/10.3931/e-rara-31295",
      "supports": [
        "documentary-map",
        "geographic-context"
      ]
    },
    {
      "title": "Treaty of Gulistan, 1813 · article III, copie anglaise publiée",
      "author": "Ministère des Affaires étrangères d’Azerbaïdjan · copie documentaire du traité",
      "url": "https://www.mfa.gov.az/files/shares/Treaty%20of%20Gulistan.pdf",
      "supports": [
        "chronology"
      ]
    },
    {
      "title": "Cliopatria v0.2.1 · noms, dates et géométries sources",
      "author": "Seshat Global History Databank",
      "url": "https://github.com/Seshat-Global-History-Databank/cliopatria/tree/v0.2.1",
      "supports": [
        "geographic-context"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "chronologyContrasts": [
    {
      "topic": "Kyura",
      "profileId": "kyura-khanate-phases",
      "years": [
        1812,
        1862,
        1864
      ],
      "meaning": "Formation, administration provisoire puis district : trois événements distincts, pas une incertitude de date.",
      "sources": [
        {
          "title": "On the question of the incorporation of Dagestan into Russia",
          "author": "M. R. Gasanov · Vestnik Instituta IAE, 2012, 3, p. 3–7",
          "url": "https://caucasushistory.ru/2618-6772/article/download/213/203",
          "supports": [
            "chronology",
            "geographic-context"
          ]
        },
        {
          "title": "Administrative-territorial organisation of Dagestan, second half of the XIX–early XX century",
          "author": "M. Ya. Mirzabekov · Vestnik Instituta IAE, 2014, 2, p. 79–92",
          "url": "https://caucasushistory.ru/2618-6772/article/download/1370/1340",
          "supports": [
            "chronology",
            "geographic-context"
          ]
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "topic": "Mehtuli",
      "profileId": "mehtuli-khanate-phases",
      "years": [
        1866,
        1867
      ],
      "meaning": "Renoncement du khan puis réorganisation en district.",
      "sources": [
        {
          "title": "On the nature of land ownership in Dagestan in the XVIII–early XX centuries",
          "author": "E. M. Dalgat · Vestnik Instituta IAE, 2017, 3, p. 35–43",
          "url": "https://caucasushistory.ru/2618-6772/article/download/17/17",
          "supports": [
            "chronology",
            "geographic-context"
          ]
        },
        {
          "title": "Administrative-territorial organisation of Dagestan, second half of the XIX–early XX century",
          "author": "M. Ya. Mirzabekov · Vestnik Instituta IAE, 2014, 2, p. 79–92",
          "url": "https://caucasushistory.ru/2618-6772/article/download/1370/1340",
          "supports": [
            "chronology",
            "geographic-context"
          ]
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "topic": "Capitulation de Chamil",
      "profileIds": [
        "avar-khunzakh-khanate-phases",
        "shamil-imamate-leadership-phase"
      ],
      "publishedDates": [
        {
          "source": "https://islamansiklopedisi.org.tr/avarlar",
          "sourceDay": "1859-08-25",
          "calendar": "not-established"
        },
        {
          "source": "https://islamansiklopedisi.org.tr/seyh-samil",
          "sourceDay": "1859-09-06",
          "calendar": "not-established"
        }
      ],
      "yearAgrees": true,
      "calendarConversionApplied": false,
      "meaning": "Les deux dates publiées sont conservées ; leur convention de calendrier doit être établie avant de fixer un même jour normalisé."
    },
    {
      "topic": "Quba et Derbent",
      "profileIds": [
        "quba-khanate-expansion-phases",
        "derbent-khanate-control-phases"
      ],
      "years": [
        1796,
        1806,
        1813
      ],
      "meaning": "Occupation, retrait et reconnaissance interétatique ne sont pas un événement unique.",
      "sources": [
        {
          "title": "Kuba · khanat, contrôle et occupations",
          "author": "Saleh Muhammedoğlu Aliev · TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi, 2002",
          "url": "https://islamansiklopedisi.org.tr/kuba--azerbaycan",
          "supports": [
            "chronology",
            "geographic-context"
          ]
        },
        {
          "title": "Derbend · phases de gouvernement et khanat",
          "author": "Saleh Muhammedoğlu Aliev · TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi, 1994",
          "url": "https://islamansiklopedisi.org.tr/derbend--dagistan",
          "supports": [
            "chronology",
            "geographic-context"
          ]
        },
        {
          "title": "Treaty of Gulistan, 1813 · article III, copie anglaise publiée",
          "author": "Ministère des Affaires étrangères d’Azerbaïdjan · copie documentaire du traité",
          "url": "https://www.mfa.gov.az/files/shares/Treaty%20of%20Gulistan.pdf",
          "supports": [
            "chronology"
          ]
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sourceCriticism": [
    {
      "topic": "Tarki et Semender",
      "note": "L’étude de voyageurs discute plusieurs localisations de Semender avant de privilégier Tarki. Cette identification n’est pas transformée en égalité certaine ou en point de capitale khazare."
    },
    {
      "topic": "Kumukh",
      "note": "Kumukh, Kafyr-Kumukh et Novyy Kumukh sont des lieux distincts. Le nom Gazi-Kumukh ne fusionne pas les communautés laks et koumykes."
    },
    {
      "topic": "Khanats et districts",
      "note": "Les étapes d’intégration et les frontières administratives ne sont pas rétroprojetées sur les pouvoirs antérieurs."
    },
    {
      "topic": "Traité de Golestan",
      "note": "L’article III est utilisé pour la reconnaissance interétatique de possessions ; il n’est pas une preuve d’un contrôle local uniforme dès 1813 ni d’une abolition administrative simultanée de tous les khanats."
    },
    {
      "topic": "Langues",
      "note": "Les inventaires et classifications cités sont des documents datés, pas un recensement contemporain ni une liste d’identités mutuellement exclusives. Le classement du khinaloug dans certains inventaires n’est pas proclamé consensus actuel."
    },
    {
      "topic": "Carte de 1776",
      "note": "La date des observations et l’édition vers 1783 restent séparées. La gravure ne fournit pas de limites politiques utilisables pour Tarki, Kaitag et Kumukh."
    }
  ],
  "sourceAccess": [
    {
      "source": "https://caucasushistory.ru/2618-6772/article/download/1370/1340",
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      "source": "https://caucasushistory.ru/2618-6772/article/download/262/251",
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    },
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      "source": "https://caucasushistory.ru/2618-6772/article/download/17/17",
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      "source": "https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/mtad/article/487524",
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      "access": "archived-PDF-selected-pages-read",
      "fullArticleRead": false
    },
    {
      "source": "https://caucasushistory.ru/2618-6772/article/download/213/203",
      "archive": "artifacts/research/dagestan-2026-10-16/kyura-formation-2012.pdf",
      "access": "archived-PDF-first-page-and-indexed-excerpts-read",
      "fullArticleRead": false
    },
    {
      "source": "https://www.caucasushistory.ru/2618-6772/ru/article/view/1515",
      "access": "publisher-abstract-read",
      "fullArticleRead": false
    },
    {
      "source": "https://caucasushistory.ru/2618-6772/article/view/17218",
      "access": "indexed-publisher-article-excerpts-read",
      "fullArticleRead": false
    },
    {
      "source": "https://www.mfa.gov.az/files/shares/Treaty%20of%20Gulistan.pdf",
      "access": "indexed-official-document-excerpt-only",
      "directWebOpenSucceeded": false,
      "directNetworkArchiveSucceeded": false,
      "rawPublisherFileArchived": false,
      "fullTreatyRead": false,
      "accessEvidence": "artifacts/research/dagestan-2026-10-16/gulistan-copy-access.json"
    },
    {
      "source": "https://doi.org/10.3931/e-rara-31295",
      "access": "publisher-IIIF-manifest-and-original-raster-archived",
      "fullMapVisuallyReviewed": true
    }
  ],
  "limits": [
    "Les contours propres de nombreux pouvoirs du Daghestan manquent encore dans les corpus locaux.",
    "Les établissements et les langues ne deviennent pas des territoires politiques exclusifs.",
    "Les jours publiés sans convention de calendrier restent non normalisés.",
    "La lecture intégrale des articles et des actes cités dans leurs bibliographies reste à poursuivre."
  ]
}