{ "generatedAt": "2026-10-14T16:49:37.408Z", "title": "Changements enregistrés dans CShapes", "start": "1886-01-01", "end": "2019-12-31", "source": { "id": "cshapes-2", "title": "CShapes 2.0 · ETH Zurich", "dataset": "CShapes", "source": "https://icr.ethz.ch/data/cshapes/CShapes-2.0.geojson", "documentation": "https://icr.ethz.ch/data/cshapes/", "codebook": "https://icr.ethz.ch/data/cshapes/CShapes-2.0_Codebook.pdf", "citation": "Schvitz et al. (2022), Mapping The International System, 1886–2017, Journal of Conflict Resolution 66(1): 144–161.", "license": "CC-BY-NC-SA-4.0", "licenseURL": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/", "file": "CShapes-2.0.geojson", "sha256": "384b1ea90b9419f30a858d7ec237c85a22c60d1b35b5f85f215a1204f9989d42", "features": 710 }, "dataPath": "data/references/CShapes-2.0.geojson", "periodCount": 710, "unitCodeCount": 252, "sourceDateCount": 370, "interpretation": "Sélections aux dates de changement d’enregistrement et aux bornes du corpus. Les noms du fichier peuvent être modernisés ; les codes d’unité ne prouvent pas une continuité de régime politique. Aucune interpolation de géométrie.", "periods": [ { "index": 0, "code": 2, "name": "United States of America", "start": "1886-01-01", "end": "1959-01-02", "startKey": 18860101, "endKey": 19590102 }, { "index": 1, "code": 2, "name": "United States of America", "start": "1959-01-03", "end": "1959-08-20", "startKey": 19590103, "endKey": 19590820 }, { "index": 2, "code": 2, "name": "United States of America", "start": "1959-08-21", "end": "2019-12-31", "startKey": 19590821, "endKey": 20191231 }, { "index": 3, "code": 3, "name": "Alaska", "start": "1886-01-01", "end": "1959-01-02", "startKey": 18860101, "endKey": 19590102 }, { "index": 4, "code": 4, "name": "Hawaii", "start": "1898-07-06", "end": "1959-08-20", "startKey": 18980706, "endKey": 19590820 }, { "index": 5, "code": 6, "name": "Puerto Rico", "start": "1886-01-01", "end": "1898-12-09", "startKey": 18860101, "endKey": 18981209 }, { "index": 6, "code": 6, "name": "Puerto Rico", "start": "1898-12-10", "end": "2019-12-31", "startKey": 18981210, "endKey": 20191231 }, { "index": 7, "code": 20, "name": "Canada", "start": "1886-01-01", "end": "1948-07-21", "startKey": 18860101, "endKey": 19480721 }, { "index": 8, "code": 20, "name": "Canada", "start": "1948-07-22", "end": "2019-12-31", "startKey": 19480722, "endKey": 20191231 }, { "index": 9, "code": 21, "name": "Newfoundland", "start": "1886-01-01", "end": "1948-07-21", "startKey": 18860101, "endKey": 19480721 }, { "index": 10, "code": 31, "name": "Bahamas", "start": "1886-01-01", "end": "1973-07-09", "startKey": 18860101, "endKey": 19730709 }, { "index": 11, "code": 31, "name": "Bahamas", "start": "1973-07-10", "end": "2019-12-31", "startKey": 19730710, "endKey": 20191231 }, { "index": 12, "code": 40, "name": "Cuba", "start": "1886-01-01", "end": "1898-12-09", "startKey": 18860101, "endKey": 18981209 }, { "index": 13, "code": 40, "name": "Cuba", "start": "1898-12-10", "end": "1902-05-19", "startKey": 18981210, "endKey": 19020519 }, { "index": 14, "code": 40, "name": "Cuba", "start": "1902-05-20", "end": "2019-12-31", "startKey": 19020520, "endKey": 20191231 }, { "index": 15, "code": 41, "name": "Haiti", "start": "1886-01-01", "end": "1915-07-04", "startKey": 18860101, "endKey": 19150704 }, { "index": 16, "code": 41, "name": "Haiti", "start": "1915-07-05", "end": "1934-08-14", "startKey": 19150705, "endKey": 19340814 }, { "index": 17, "code": 41, "name": "Haiti", "start": "1934-08-15", "end": "2019-12-31", "startKey": 19340815, "endKey": 20191231 }, { "index": 18, "code": 42, "name": "Dominican Republic", "start": "1886-01-01", "end": "2019-12-31", "startKey": 18860101, "endKey": 20191231 }, { "index": 19, "code": 51, "name": "Jamaica", "start": "1886-01-01", "end": "1962-08-05", "startKey": 18860101, "endKey": 19620805 }, { "index": 20, "code": 51, "name": "Jamaica", "start": "1962-08-06", "end": "2019-12-31", "startKey": 19620806, "endKey": 20191231 }, { "index": 21, "code": 52, "name": "Trinidad and Tobago", "start": "1886-01-01", "end": "1962-08-30", "startKey": 18860101, "endKey": 19620830 }, { "index": 22, "code": 52, "name": "Trinidad and Tobago", "start": "1962-08-31", "end": "2019-12-31", "startKey": 19620831, "endKey": 20191231 }, { "index": 23, "code": 53, "name": "Barbados", "start": "1886-01-01", "end": "1966-11-29", "startKey": 18860101, "endKey": 19661129 }, { "index": 24, "code": 53, "name": "Barbados", "start": "1966-11-30", "end": "2019-12-31", "startKey": 19661130, "endKey": 20191231 }, { "index": 25, "code": 65, "name": "Guadeloupe", "start": "1886-01-01", "end": "2019-12-31", "startKey": 18860101, "endKey": 20191231 }, { "index": 26, "code": 66, "name": "Martinique", "start": "1886-01-01", "end": "2019-12-31", "startKey": 18860101, "endKey": 20191231 }, { "index": 27, "code": 70, "name": "Mexico", "start": "1886-01-01", "end": "2019-12-31", "startKey": 18860101, "endKey": 20191231 }, { "index": 28, "code": 80, "name": "Belize", "start": "1886-01-01", "end": "1970-08-02", "startKey": 18860101, "endKey": 19700802 }, { "index": 29, "code": 80, "name": "Belize", "start": "1970-08-03", "end": "1981-09-20", "startKey": 19700803, "endKey": 19810920 }, { "index": 30, "code": 80, "name": "Belize", "start": "1981-09-21", "end": "2019-12-31", "startKey": 19810921, "endKey": 20191231 }, { "index": 31, "code": 90, "name": "Guatemala", "start": "1886-01-01", "end": "2019-12-31", "startKey": 18860101, "endKey": 20191231 }, { "index": 32, "code": 91, "name": "Honduras", "start": "1886-01-01", "end": "2019-12-31", "startKey": 18860101, "endKey": 20191231 }, { "index": 33, "code": 92, "name": "El Salvador", "start": "1886-01-01", "end": "2019-12-31", "startKey": 18860101, "endKey": 20191231 }, { "index": 34, "code": 93, "name": "Nicaragua", "start": "1886-01-01", "end": "2019-12-31", "startKey": 18860101, "endKey": 20191231 }, { "index": 35, "code": 94, "name": "Costa Rica", "start": "1886-01-01", "end": "2019-12-31", "startKey": 18860101, "endKey": 20191231 }, { "index": 36, "code": 95, "name": "Panama", "start": "1903-11-03", "end": "2019-12-31", "startKey": 19031103, "endKey": 20191231 }, { "index": 37, "code": 100, "name": "Colombia", "start": "1886-01-01", "end": "1903-11-02", "startKey": 18860101, "endKey": 19031102 }, { "index": 38, "code": 100, "name": "Colombia", "start": "1903-11-03", "end": "1922-03-23", "startKey": 19031103, "endKey": 19220323 }, { "index": 39, "code": 100, "name": "Colombia", "start": "1922-03-24", "end": "2019-12-31", "startKey": 19220324, "endKey": 20191231 }, { "index": 40, "code": 101, "name": "Venezuela", "start": "1886-01-01", "end": "2019-12-31", "startKey": 18860101, "endKey": 20191231 }, { "index": 41, "code": 110, "name": "Guyana", "start": "1886-01-01", "end": "1966-05-25", "startKey": 18860101, "endKey": 19660525 }, { "index": 42, "code": 110, "name": "Guyana", "start": "1966-05-26", "end": "2019-12-31", "startKey": 19660526, "endKey": 20191231 }, { "index": 43, "code": 115, "name": "Surinam", "start": "1886-01-01", "end": "1954-12-14", "startKey": 18860101, "endKey": 19541214 }, { "index": 44, "code": 115, "name": "Surinam", "start": "1954-12-15", "end": "1975-11-24", "startKey": 19541215, "endKey": 19751124 }, { "index": 45, "code": 115, "name": "Surinam", "start": "1975-11-25", "end": "2019-12-31", "startKey": 19751125, "endKey": 20191231 }, { "index": 46, "code": 120, "name": "French Guyana", "start": "1886-01-01", "end": "1930-07-05", "startKey": 18860101, "endKey": 19300705 }, { "index": 47, "code": 120, "name": "French Guyana", "start": "1930-07-06", "end": "1946-03-18", "startKey": 19300706, "endKey": 19460318 }, { "index": 48, "code": 120, "name": "French Guyana", "start": "1946-03-19", "end": "2019-12-31", "startKey": 19460319, "endKey": 20191231 }, { "index": 49, "code": 130, "name": "Ecuador", "start": "1886-01-01", "end": "1942-01-28", "startKey": 18860101, "endKey": 19420128 }, { "index": 50, "code": 130, "name": "Ecuador", "start": "1942-01-29", "end": "2019-12-31", "startKey": 19420129, "endKey": 20191231 }, { "index": 51, "code": 135, "name": "Peru", "start": "1886-01-01", "end": "1909-07-08", "startKey": 18860101, "endKey": 19090708 }, { "index": 52, "code": 135, "name": "Peru", "start": "1909-07-09", "end": "1922-03-23", "startKey": 19090709, "endKey": 19220323 }, { "index": 53, "code": 135, "name": "Peru", "start": "1922-03-24", "end": "1942-01-28", "startKey": 19220324, "endKey": 19420128 }, { "index": 54, "code": 135, "name": "Peru", "start": "1942-01-29", "end": "2019-12-31", "startKey": 19420129, "endKey": 20191231 }, { "index": 55, "code": 140, "name": "Brazil", "start": "1886-01-01", "end": "1903-11-16", "startKey": 18860101, "endKey": 19031116 }, { "index": 56, "code": 140, "name": "Brazil", "start": "1903-11-17", "end": "1909-07-08", "startKey": 19031117, "endKey": 19090708 }, { "index": 57, "code": 140, "name": "Brazil", "start": "1909-07-09", "end": "1960-04-20", "startKey": 19090709, "endKey": 19600420 }, { "index": 58, "code": 140, "name": "Brazil", "start": "1960-04-21", "end": "2019-12-31", "startKey": 19600421, "endKey": 20191231 }, { "index": 59, "code": 145, "name": "Bolivia", "start": "1886-01-01", "end": "1903-11-16", "startKey": 18860101, "endKey": 19031116 }, { "index": 60, "code": 145, "name": "Bolivia", "start": "1903-11-17", "end": "1909-07-08", "startKey": 19031117, "endKey": 19090708 }, { "index": 61, "code": 145, "name": "Bolivia", "start": "1909-07-09", "end": "1938-07-20", "startKey": 19090709, "endKey": 19380720 }, { "index": 62, "code": 145, "name": "Bolivia", "start": "1938-07-21", "end": "2019-12-31", "startKey": 19380721, "endKey": 20191231 }, { "index": 63, "code": 150, "name": "Paraguay", "start": "1886-01-01", "end": "1938-07-20", "startKey": 18860101, "endKey": 19380720 }, { "index": 64, "code": 150, "name": "Paraguay", "start": "1938-07-21", "end": "2019-12-31", "startKey": 19380721, "endKey": 20191231 }, { "index": 65, "code": 155, "name": "Chile", "start": "1886-01-01", "end": "1899-03-23", "startKey": 18860101, "endKey": 18990323 }, { "index": 66, "code": 155, "name": "Chile", "start": "1899-03-24", "end": "1902-11-19", "startKey": 18990324, "endKey": 19021119 }, { "index": 67, "code": 155, "name": "Chile", "start": "1902-11-20", "end": "2019-12-31", "startKey": 19021120, "endKey": 20191231 }, { "index": 68, "code": 160, "name": "Argentina", "start": "1886-01-01", "end": "1899-03-23", "startKey": 18860101, "endKey": 18990323 }, { "index": 69, "code": 160, "name": "Argentina", "start": "1899-03-24", "end": "1902-11-19", "startKey": 18990324, "endKey": 19021119 }, { "index": 70, "code": 160, "name": "Argentina", "start": "1902-11-20", "end": "2019-12-31", "startKey": 19021120, "endKey": 20191231 }, { "index": 71, "code": 165, "name": "Uruguay", "start": "1886-01-01", "end": "2019-12-31", "startKey": 18860101, "endKey": 20191231 }, { "index": 72, "code": 200, "name": "United Kingdom", "start": "1886-01-01", "end": "1921-12-05", "startKey": 18860101, "endKey": 19211205 }, { "index": 73, "code": 200, "name": "United Kingdom", "start": "1921-12-06", "end": "2019-12-31", "startKey": 19211206, "endKey": 20191231 }, { "index": 74, "code": 205, "name": "Ireland", "start": "1921-12-06", "end": "2019-12-31", "startKey": 19211206, "endKey": 20191231 }, { "index": 75, "code": 210, "name": "Netherlands", "start": "1886-01-01", "end": "2019-12-31", "startKey": 18860101, "endKey": 20191231 }, { "index": 76, "code": 211, "name": "Belgium", "start": "1886-01-01", "end": "2019-12-31", "startKey": 18860101, "endKey": 20191231 }, { "index": 77, "code": 212, "name": "Luxembourg", "start": "1886-01-01", "end": "2019-12-31", "startKey": 18860101, "endKey": 20191231 }, { "index": 78, "code": 220, "name": "France", "start": "1886-01-01", "end": "1919-06-27", "startKey": 18860101, "endKey": 19190627 }, { "index": 79, "code": 220, "name": "France", "start": "1919-06-28", "end": "2019-12-31", "startKey": 19190628, "endKey": 20191231 }, { "index": 80, "code": 225, "name": "Switzerland", "start": "1886-01-01", "end": "2019-12-31", "startKey": 18860101, "endKey": 20191231 }, { "index": 81, "code": 230, "name": "Spain", "start": "1886-01-01", "end": "2019-12-31", "startKey": 18860101, "endKey": 20191231 }, { "index": 82, "code": 235, "name": "Portugal", "start": "1886-01-01", "end": "2019-12-31", "startKey": 18860101, "endKey": 20191231 }, { "index": 83, "code": 255, "name": "Germany (Prussia)", "start": "1886-01-01", "end": "1919-06-27", "startKey": 18860101, "endKey": 19190627 }, { "index": 84, "code": 255, "name": "Germany (Prussia)", "start": "1919-06-28", "end": "1920-02-09", "startKey": 19190628, "endKey": 19200209 }, { "index": 85, "code": 255, "name": "Germany (Prussia)", "start": "1920-02-10", "end": "1938-09-29", "startKey": 19200210, "endKey": 19380929 }, { "index": 86, "code": 255, "name": "Germany (Prussia)", "start": "1938-09-30", "end": "1945-05-07", "startKey": 19380930, "endKey": 19450507 }, { "index": 87, "code": 260, "name": "German Federal Republic", "start": "1945-05-08", "end": "1949-09-20", "startKey": 19450508, "endKey": 19490920 }, { "index": 88, "code": 260, "name": "German Federal Republic", "start": "1949-09-21", "end": "1990-10-02", "startKey": 19490921, "endKey": 19901002 }, { "index": 89, "code": 260, "name": "German Federal Republic", "start": "1990-10-03", "end": "2019-12-31", "startKey": 19901003, "endKey": 20191231 }, { "index": 90, "code": 265, "name": "German Democratic Republic", "start": "1945-05-08", "end": "1949-10-04", "startKey": 19450508, "endKey": 19491004 }, { "index": 91, "code": 265, "name": "German Democratic Republic", "start": "1949-10-05", "end": "1990-10-02", "startKey": 19491005, "endKey": 19901002 }, { "index": 92, "code": 290, "name": "Poland", "start": "1918-11-11", "end": "1919-06-27", "startKey": 19181111, "endKey": 19190627 }, { "index": 93, "code": 290, "name": "Poland", "start": "1919-06-28", "end": "1919-09-09", "startKey": 19190628, "endKey": 19190909 }, { "index": 94, "code": 290, "name": "Poland", "start": "1919-09-10", "end": "1920-10-06", "startKey": 19190910, "endKey": 19201006 }, { "index": 95, "code": 290, "name": "Poland", "start": "1920-10-07", "end": "1921-03-17", "startKey": 19201007, "endKey": 19210317 }, { "index": 96, "code": 290, "name": "Poland", "start": "1921-03-18", "end": "1945-05-07", "startKey": 19210318, "endKey": 19450507 }, { "index": 97, "code": 290, "name": "Poland", "start": "1945-05-08", "end": "2019-12-31", "startKey": 19450508, "endKey": 20191231 }, { "index": 98, "code": 291, "name": "Danzig", "start": "1919-06-28", "end": "1938-08-31", "startKey": 19190628, "endKey": 19380831 }, { "index": 99, "code": 300, "name": "Austria-Hungary", "start": "1886-01-01", "end": "1908-10-06", "startKey": 18860101, "endKey": 19081006 }, { "index": 100, "code": 300, "name": "Austria-Hungary", "start": "1908-10-07", "end": "1918-11-02", "startKey": 19081007, "endKey": 19181102 }, { "index": 101, "code": 305, "name": "Austria", "start": "1918-11-03", "end": "1919-09-09", "startKey": 19181103, "endKey": 19190909 }, { "index": 102, "code": 305, "name": "Austria", "start": "1919-09-10", "end": "2019-12-31", "startKey": 19190910, "endKey": 20191231 }, { "index": 103, "code": 310, "name": "Hungary", "start": "1918-11-03", "end": "1918-11-30", "startKey": 19181103, "endKey": 19181130 }, { "index": 104, "code": 310, "name": "Hungary", "start": "1918-12-01", "end": "1919-09-09", "startKey": 19181201, "endKey": 19190909 }, { "index": 105, "code": 310, "name": "Hungary", "start": "1919-09-10", "end": "1920-06-03", "startKey": 19190910, "endKey": 19200603 }, { "index": 106, "code": 310, "name": "Hungary", "start": "1920-06-04", "end": "1938-11-01", "startKey": 19200604, "endKey": 19381101 }, { "index": 107, "code": 310, "name": "Hungary", "start": "1938-11-02", "end": "1947-02-09", "startKey": 19381102, "endKey": 19470209 }, { "index": 108, "code": 310, "name": "Hungary", "start": "1947-02-10", "end": "2019-12-31", "startKey": 19470210, "endKey": 20191231 }, { "index": 109, "code": 315, "name": "Czechoslovakia", "start": "1918-11-11", "end": "1938-09-29", "startKey": 19181111, "endKey": 19380929 }, { "index": 110, "code": 315, "name": "Czechoslovakia", "start": "1938-09-30", "end": "1938-11-01", "startKey": 19380930, "endKey": 19381101 }, { "index": 111, "code": 315, "name": "Czechoslovakia", "start": "1938-11-02", "end": "1945-05-07", "startKey": 19381102, "endKey": 19450507 }, { "index": 112, "code": 315, "name": "Czechoslovakia", "start": "1945-05-08", "end": "1947-02-09", "startKey": 19450508, "endKey": 19470209 }, { "index": 113, "code": 315, "name": "Czechoslovakia", "start": "1947-02-10", "end": "1992-12-31", "startKey": 19470210, "endKey": 19921231 }, { "index": 114, "code": 316, "name": "Czech Republic", "start": "1993-01-01", "end": "2019-12-31", "startKey": 19930101, "endKey": 20191231 }, { "index": 115, "code": 317, "name": "Slovakia", "start": "1993-01-01", "end": "2019-12-31", "startKey": 19930101, "endKey": 20191231 }, { "index": 116, "code": 325, "name": "Italy/Sardinia", "start": "1886-01-01", "end": "1919-09-09", "startKey": 18860101, "endKey": 19190909 }, { "index": 117, "code": 325, "name": "Italy/Sardinia", "start": "1919-09-10", "end": "2019-12-31", "startKey": 19190910, "endKey": 20191231 }, { "index": 118, "code": 338, "name": "Malta", "start": "1886-01-01", "end": "1964-09-20", "startKey": 18860101, "endKey": 19640920 }, { "index": 119, "code": 338, "name": "Malta", "start": "1964-09-21", "end": "2019-12-31", "startKey": 19640921, "endKey": 20191231 }, { "index": 120, "code": 339, "name": "Albania", "start": "1913-01-01", "end": "1914-03-06", "startKey": 19130101, "endKey": 19140306 }, { "index": 121, "code": 339, "name": "Albania", "start": "1914-03-07", "end": "1920-02-10", "startKey": 19140307, "endKey": 19200210 }, { "index": 122, "code": 339, "name": "Albania", "start": "1920-02-11", "end": "2019-12-31", "startKey": 19200211, "endKey": 20191231 }, { "index": 123, 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